The Office of Science (SC) of the Department of Energy (DOE) is announcing its continuing interest in receiving applications for support of work in various program areas, including Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Basic Energy Sciences, Biological and Environmental Research, and more. The goal of this solicitation is to deliver scientific discoveries and major scientific tools to transform our understanding of nature and advance the energy, economic, and national security of the United States. Key areas of focus include: * The frontiers of science, exploring nature's mysteries and fundamental disciplinary questions * The 21st Century tools of science, providing state-of-the-art national scientific user facilities * Science for energy and the environment, paving the knowledge foundation for advancing the Department's mission * Supporting a wide range of funding modalities, from single principal investigators to large team-based activities Some key points to note: * All types of applicants are eligible to apply, except nonprofit organizations described in section 501(c)(4) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 that engaged in lobbying activities after December 31, 1995 * Cost sharing is not required for basic and fundamental research * Individual applicants are unlikely to possess the skills, abilities, and resources to successfully accomplish the objectives of this NOFO * Non-domestic applicants must demonstrate how they will accomplish the objectives of this NOFO and possess skills, resources, and abilities that do not exist among potential domestic applicants * Applications that propose research related to current commercial activity or current customer needs may be declined without merit review