The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Science Mission Directorate (SMD) is releasing its annual omnibus Research Announcement (NRA), Research Opportunities in Space and Earth Sciences (ROSES) – 2025. This NRA has many individual program elements, each with its own due dates and topics, covering a wide range of basic and applied supporting research and technology supported by SMD. Awards will be made as grants, cooperative agreements, or contracts depending on the nature of the work proposed. Proposers must be affiliated with an institution at nspires.nasaprs.com/ and, in general, NASA provides funding only to U.S. institutions. • Proposals may be submitted at any time, pending certain eligibility timing issues related to resubmissions and duplicate proposal avoidance. • The typical period of performance for an award is three years, but some programs may allow up to five years and others specify shorter periods. • Most extramural research awards deriving from ROSES will be grants, and many program elements of ROSES specifically exclude contracts. • Funded Co-Is at government labs will receive inter- or intra-agency transfers. • Tables listing the program elements and due dates, a table that provides a very top level summary of proposal contents, and the full text of the ROSES-2025 "Summary of Solicitation" may all be found on the NSPIRES website.