The Rads to Watts program aims to explore new approaches for directly converting nuclear radiation energy into electricity, focusing on radiation voltaics (radiovoltaics). The goal is to enable radiovoltaics that convert high-power nuclear radiation into kilowatts of electrical energy, which can be used for long-lived, unattended high-power sources in power-starved operating domains. The program encourages performers to go beyond typical low-power radiovoltaic architectures and semiconductors to achieve long-lived, high-power conversion capabilities. Some key aspects of this opportunity include: • Exploring new approaches for direct conversion of nuclear radiation energy into electricity • Focusing on radiation voltaics (radiovoltaics) for high-power conversion • Enabling operation of radiovoltaics at higher radiation fluences for long-lived, high-power sources • Encouraging innovative architectures and semiconductors for high-power conversion capabilities