The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Science Mission Directorate (SMD) has released its annual omnibus Research Announcement (NRA), Research Opportunities in Space and Earth Sciences (ROSES) – 2024. This opportunity is for the A.65 Responsive Science Initiatives Research program element. Awards will be made as grants, cooperative agreements, contracts, and inter- or intra-agency transfers, depending on the nature of the work proposed. The typical period of performance for an award is three years, but some programs may allow up to five years and others specify shorter periods. • Proposals must be affiliated with an institution at nspires.nasaprs.com/ and, in general, NASA provides funding only to U.S. institutions. • Organizations outside the U.S. that propose on the basis of a policy of no-exchange-of-funds; consult the NASA Proposer’s Guide for specific details. • Some NRAs may be issued jointly with a non-U.S. organization, e.g., those concerning guest observing programs for jointly sponsored space science programs, that will contain additional special guidelines for non-U.S. participants.